This may increasingly come as a shock, however you don’t need to barbell bench press. Now, earlier than you write indignant letters and launch a protest marketing campaign, hearken to the complete story. Until you’re a powerlifter coaching particularly for competitors, there are many workouts that construct higher physique muscle and energy as successfully because the bench press.
For a lot of, machines supply the right combination of stability, accessibility, consolation, novelty, and coaching stimulus. Positive, some machines have design flaws and issues, however many are an absolute pleasure to make use of. Higher but, machine-based coaching has been proven to stimulate equal muscular variations to free weight coaching. (1)
The chest press is a staple machine-based train. However there’s extra to the quintessential chest press machine than the information contained on its instruction placard. Study correct setup and method, frequent pitfalls, distinctive advantages, programming methods, and extra.
Chest Press Machine
Chest Press Machine Video Information
See the academic chest press machine video from the article’s creator, Dr. Merrick Lincoln, then try the step-by-step breakdown with further kind suggestions.
The best way to Use the Chest Press Machine
To get probably the most out of the chest press machine, observe these steps for proper setup and efficient execution.
Step 1 — Set Up Your Machine
The primary, and arguably most necessary, step is to correctly arrange the machine — it should be adjusted to suit the consumer. Though machine designs differ significantly, most have two changes: Seat peak and the fore-aft place of the backrest.
Adjusting the peak of the seat determines the situation of the handles relative to the consumer. Decreasing the seat creates a better beginning place for the handles and elevating the seat ends in a decrease beginning place of the handles. The handles needs to be on the degree of your decrease chest, at roughly nipple-height to be anatomically particular.
On most machines, front-and-back adjustment of the backrest determines the “depth” of the beginning place. Transfer the seat ahead to create extra stretch on the backside place or transfer the seat backward to restrict the vary of movement within the backside place.
Your private choice, damage historical past, and particular person anatomy work together to tell your individual acceptable vary of movement. Basically, determine a seat place that maximizes a snug vary of movement.
Type Tip: Take the time to really study the particular machine’s design, notably the motion arms — the metallic levers that you simply push away out of your physique. Motion arms that pivot from above the seat have a tendency to advertise urgent at a barely upward angle relative to your physique, just like a slight incline press. Subsequently, to execute “flat bench” method and elicit balanced chest growth, the handles needs to be barely decrease than regular. On machines with motion arms that pivot from beneath the consumer, the urgent movement might observe a slight decline. On this fashion machine, it’s prudent to arrange with handles barely greater than typical.
Step 2 — Set a Secure Beginning Place
Get your physique right into a steady and robust place by establishing factors of contact with a slight arch in your backbone. Factors of contact embody: your head towards the headrest, each shoulder blades towards the backrest, your glutes on the seat, each ft on the ground, and each palms totally gripped across the handles.
Arch your center and higher again as you squeeze your shoulder blades collectively with out shrugging upward. Keep this place all through the train.
Type Tip: Though many who can’t attain the ground when seated on the chest press machine intuitively cross their ankles for stability, this technique isn’t optimum. In case you’re unable to achieve the ground, place your ft on a steady foothold — a step, a brief plyometric field, a weight plate, or the machine’s foot pegs if accessible.
Step 3 — Drive the Motion Arms Away
Preserve your forearms and wrists aligned with the pure path of the motion arm and push each handles away. Proceed to push till your elbows are straight or almost straight.
Type Tip: “Press to your eye-line” is a training cue utilized by Tyler Hobson, one of many nice designers and builders of gymnasium tools. This cue is sensible, as a result of it exploits the advantages of an exterior focus of consideration. Primarily, your focus shifts to no matter object or environmental landmark is in your line of gaze. This may increasingly end in extra environment friendly, extra forceful motion, and doubtlessly higher strength gains. (2)
Step 4 — Decrease With Management
Decrease the motion arms again towards the beginning place. Management is important. Decrease till you are feeling a profound stretch throughout your chest muscle tissues or till the motion arms gently contact the machine. Don’t bounce off the machine’s stops on the backside.
Type Tip: As an alternative of “decreasing the burden,” take into consideration “rowing” or actively pulling the motion arms again towards your chest. This method reinforces a robust place of your shoulder blades.
Chest Press Machine Errors to Keep away from
Sidestep these frequent errors to construct extra muscle with the chest press machine.
Wrist Extension
Many lifters hop on the chest press machine and grip the handles within the middle of their palms with out consideration to their particular hand place. This ends in an prolonged wrist place — bending palms again towards the highest of your forearms.
Finally, extreme wrist extension is a comparatively weaker place for urgent and will end in an excessively “tucked” arm path through the press.
Keep away from it: Make sure the handles lie throughout the heels of your palms. When urgent, purpose your knuckles alongside the trail motion. Considered from the facet, your forearm and hand ought to kind a straight line all through the press.
Sloppy Transition Between Reps
“Ego lifters” and uninitiated trainees usually exploit Newton’s regulation of action-reaction on the backside of every repetition by bouncing the motion arms off the machine to make the next repetition simpler to carry out.
Uncontrolled affect returns power into the following repetition, robbing the goal muscle tissues of all-important pressure. Exerting management all through all the repetition is tougher, but additionally extra rewarding.
Keep away from it: Whereas lifters are usually intentional concerning the lockout place on the prime of the press, most could be higher served shifting their consideration to a clean and gradual transition between repetitions on the backside place. Decelerate as you method the underside place. Gently “kiss” the motion arms towards the machine. Pay attention to maintain your self trustworthy — mild contact with the machine ought to make little or no sound.
Extreme or Inadequate Vary of Movement
Whereas there’s no common “appropriate” vary of movement (ROM) for each lifter on the chest press machine, the ROM you employ ought to verify a number of key packing containers: ROM needs to be well-tolerated by your shoulders; ROM ought to, if doable, produce a profound stretch throughout your chest and entrance of your shoulders; ROM mustn’t produce compensatory actions or actions not intrinsic to the train. Urgent with method that fails to fulfill these standards is suboptimal, at finest.
The second standards (“large stretch”) is easy. Mounting proof suggests the stretched place of the repetition is a very powerful for positive factors. (3) Don’t reduce it brief through the use of inadequate ROM.
Lastly, if the ROM is pushed too far, the lifter will start to display undesirable compensations together with dropping your chest, permitting your shoulder blades to tilt ahead, and/or flaring your elbows. In case you’re unable to maintain your shoulder blades retracted and keep a constant arm path by the underside place, there’s a superb likelihood you’re attempting to make use of extreme ROM. In all instances, errors could be corrected by re-adjusting the machine.
Keep away from it: Lifters with shoulder accidents or instability won’t tolerate as a lot shoulder extension on the backside of the repetition, so really feel it out in your “work up” units and alter the machine accordingly.
The best way to Progress the Chest Press Machine
When it’s time to ramp up your workload, conventional development methods resembling including weight or growing repetitions and units can work properly with the chest press machine. As well as, machine designs are conducive to superior coaching methods resembling drop units and lengthened partials.
Improve Relative Effort
An easy development technique for resistance coaching includes growing the degree of effort — or proximity to failure — of every set. This technique might contain including weight and/or including repetitions.
For instance, take into account a lifter who sometimes performs a set utilizing 220 kilos (100 kilograms) for 10 repetitions. This set brings the lifter considerably near failure — Subjectively, they might report having three extra reps left within the tank, or “repetitions in reserve.”
To extend relative effort, the lifter might merely add weight or carry out a number of further repetitions. As a result of a superb chest press machine has “built-in” security options, the lifter might really feel extra comfy pushing their degree effort nearer to and even to failure in comparison with a barbell or dumbbell bench press.
Lengthened Partials
Whereas pristine repetitions by full vary of movement could also be thought-about the top of lifting talent, it isn’t the one efficient solution to build muscle and energy. Legendary bodybuilding coach John Meadows generally ended his high-intensity units with partial range of motion reps. And science is starting to acknowledge the potential worth of partials.
A current systematic overview evaluating full ROM coaching and partial ROM coaching reported trivial variations between energy and hypertrophy. (3) Nonetheless, partial vary of movement coaching was discovered to have slight benefit for hypertrophy when emphasizing the lengthened (stretched) place. (3) Lengthened partials seem to reinforce pressure and promote muscle hypoxia, that are mechanical- and chemical stimuli conducive to development. (4)(5)
The chest press machine affords an important alternative to progress your coaching by including lengthened partials to the top of your conventional full vary of movement set.
The goal muscle tissues are lengthened within the backside place of the chest press, so carry out your partials within the backside one-third to two-thirds of the repetition. Partials are nice to tack onto the top of conventional units. Shoot for 3 to 6 lengthened partial repetitions instantly after your full vary of movement repetitions. Be warned: you’re in for a painful burn. By avoiding lockout, you’ll preserve pressure in your chest, bathing the muscle in metabolites and ravenous it of oxygen. (5)
Drop Units
In the case of intense coaching in your chest, few workouts can evaluate to the chest press machine carried out with drop units. Drop units entail taking an train to, or near, failure, decreasing the burden, then instantly performing a further set.
One to 3 “drops” are generally carried out, remodeling a difficult set right into a coaching bout that flirts with failure a number of occasions. Drop set protocols with one and three “drops” have been proven to be as efficient for bettering bench press energy as 4 conventional units. (6) Furthermore, the three-drop drop set protocol was superior to conventional units for bettering repetitions to failure (i.e. muscle endurance). (6)
To carry out a three-drop drop set protocol, ideally use a cable stack (“selectorized”) chest press machine to reduce the time wanted to vary the burden. Carry out the primary set to or near failure utilizing a average weight (one which permits roughly 10 to 12 repetitions).
Scale back the burden 20 to 30% and instantly carry out one other set to or near failure. Repeat this strategy of reducing the burden by 20 to 30% for every drop till you’ve carried out a complete of 4 units.
Advantages of the Chest Press Machine
Positive, you’ll be able to press with a barbell or dumbbells, however a well-designed chest press machine affords a number of benefits — enhanced security, a steady motion path, and a clean resistance curve.
Excessive Depth Chest Coaching
Whether or not you practice with heavy masses and grind by only a handful of reps or use mild masses for marathon units, security is paramount. In case this declare isn’t self-evident, right here’s the rationale: an injured lifter can’t practice, and a lifter who can’t practice loses positive factors.
All types of free-weight urgent, together with the barbell and dumbbell bench press, require a skilled spotter for protected execution. Nonetheless, the designs of machines have “self-spotting” mechanisms inbuilt. That means, in case you fail on a repetition on a chest press machine, you’re unlikely to get choked out beneath a bar or displace your enamel with a dumbbell. Constructed-in security options ought to instill confidence, permitting you to push your units ever nearer to failure and maximize positive factors.
Consistency For Thoughts-Muscle Connection
The levers and pivot factors of typical chest machines constrain motion to a predictable path. Whereas no two lifters press utilizing the very same method attributable to variations in motion technique, machine setup, and physique dimensions, the constrained motion path promotes consistency for every particular person consumer.
This consistency might let you develop a method characterised by intentional and intense contraction of the goal muscle tissues. This aware connection to the goal muscle is called the mind-muscle connection. Growing a robust mind-muscle connection has been steered as a superior technique for lifters who wish to improve recruitment of a goal muscle. (7)
To develop a stronger mind-muscle connection, use lighter “work up units” to consciously discover refined variations in motion method. For instance, attempt barely tucking or flaring your elbows, attempt holding your sternum a bit greater, or attempt making use of a refined rotational drive to the handles. Machines present extra environment friendly and safer environments for cultivating a robust mind-muscle connection.
Superior Resistance Curve
Resistance coaching workouts are restricted by the quantity of load our muscle tissues can overcome through the sticking level, or probably the most difficult portion of the motion. The sticking level for the barbell bench press happens towards the start of the upward motion part when the bar is simply above the chest. (8) Throughout the the rest of the motion, your muscle tissues aren’t maximally challenged.
Whereas the bands or chains could also be used to beat this potential limitation, these modifications require further tools, could also be cumbersome to arrange, and can probably by no means obtain the texture of a well-designed chest press machine.
A well-designed machine varies the resistance utilized to the lifter all through the vary of movement utilizing levers and/or cams. Whereas meta-analyses have proven no distinction in coaching variations between variable resistance and conventional resistance coaching, these analyses embody band- and chain-based variable resistance. (9)(10)
Research particularly evaluating variable resistance machines to free weight variations of the workouts have reported superior variations for the variable resistance teams together with elevated muscle torque and elevated resistance to fatigue. (11)(12) Whereas different evidence-based lifters anticipate extra analysis, hedge your bets by incorporating machine-based chest urgent.
Muscular tissues Labored by the Chest Press Machine
Try the placards or instruction playing cards on the chest press machines at your native gymnasium. On every anatomy diagram, all the higher entrance of the torso shall be highlighted as “goal muscle tissues.” The chest press machine will undoubtedly mild up your chest, as anticipated, together with elements of your shoulders and arms.
Pectoralis Main
Because the identify suggests, the chest press machine primarily targets your chest. Your pectoralis main is the most important and most visually distinguished muscle of the chest by a longshot. Typical chest press machines resist an arm path that toes the road between flexion, or elevating your arms instantly in entrance of your physique, and horizontal adduction, or shifting your arms collectively in entrance of your physique.
Your pectoralis main contributes to each actions. (13)(14) Furthermore, the chest press machine seems to stimulate strong muscle exercise in all elements of the broad, fanlike pectoralis main muscle. (15)
Triceps Brachii
Just like the bench press, the chest press machine additionally trains your triceps brachii. Triceps muscle excitation has been proven to be decrease through the chest press machine in comparison with the bench press when each workouts had been carried out at 80% of their respective 1-repetition most. (16) Then again, one other examine confirmed no distinction in triceps brachii muscle excitation when each workouts had been carried out at 60% of 1-repetition most. (17)
Altogether, there’s ongoing debate about whether or not the extra steady circumstances of the chest press machine are kind of conducive to triceps excitation. (16)(17) The reply could also be depending on particular person variations of particular machine designs (e.g., which machine permits the lifter to deal with extra weight?). Both means, relaxation assured, your triceps are skilled through the chest press.
Anterior Deltoid
The anterior deltoid, typically known as the “entrance delts,” contribute to shoulder flexion and horizontal abduction, the actions mixed through the typical chest press machine. (13)
Utilizing a chest press machine with a impartial grip (palms dealing with one another) moderately than an overhand (“pronated”) grip has been proven to advertise extra anterior deltoid activation, though the distinction fails to achieve statistical significance, and the sensible relevance of those findings are questionable. (15)(18)
The best way to Program the Chest Press Machine
The chest press machine could be programmed into many several types of training splits — as a major train on “chest day,” on “push day” in a push/pull/legs break up, as certainly one of a number of compound lifts throughout a devoted higher physique exercise, or as part of a full-body routine.
As a Heavy Main Train
When structuring exercises to construct muscle or improve energy, it’s common to frontload the heaviest multi-joint actions towards the start of the exercise. This technique is smart, as excessive threshold motor models — the teams of muscle fibers with probably the most energy and best coaching potential — haven’t been fatigued by accumulating quantity.
Whereas a “energy purist” may program the barbell bench press as their main horizontal pushing motion, the chest press machine can work simply as properly. To make use of the chest press machine as your main heavy pushing train, work as much as a difficult weight for two to 4 units of 5 to 10 repetitions. Take beneficiant three-to-four-minute relaxation intervals between units. This protocol will construct energy and dimension.
As a Average-to-Mild Secondary Train
Not prepared to totally embrace the machines? Preserve a free weight train as your main urgent motion and use the chest press machine as if it had been an adjunct train, or “pump work.” Use moderate-to-light weight and carry out for prime repetitions. The chest press machine can take the place of a triceps- or chest isolation train, resembling pushdowns or pec flyes.
We all know a variety of masses are efficient for constructing dimension and energy. (19)(20)(21) — So, don’t stress about percentages or 1-repetition most testing. Utilizing a weight that you simply discover “mild to reasonably heavy,” carry out two or three units. Carry out sufficient repetitions to method failure. Take two to 3 minute relaxation between units.
As A part of a Superset or Alternating Set Routine
In case your exercise break up means that you can pair workouts that hit opposing muscle teams in the identical exercise, it can save you a ton of time. Supersetting is when no relaxation is taken between the paired workouts. If a standard relaxation interval is taken between the opposing workouts, the programming technique is named “alternating units.”
For a killer chest and back workout, attempt pairing the chest press with a again train like a barbell bent-over row or a neutral-grip lat pulldown. To resolve whether or not you’ll use supersets or alternating units, select whether or not you’re optimizing for effectivity or fatigue administration.
Supersets save extra time, however might end in extra fatigue. Though supersets sometimes keep away from fatigue within the working muscle tissues (“peripheral fatigue”), they might not present sufficient relaxation to keep away from accumulating systemic or central fatigue, which might intervene you’re your subsequent set.
Then again, alternating units present extra total relaxation. They could additionally nonetheless save time relative to conventional straight units, as a result of most lifters won’t require as a lot relaxation to get well between opposing workouts.
Chest Press Machine Variations
In case you’re lucky to coach at a well-equipped gymnasium, the usual chest press machine isn’t your solely choice. You could wish to discover the gymnasium to see in case you have entry to those variations.
Converging Chest Press Machine
The arms converge, or come collectively, all through the upward motion part when utilizing a converging chest press machine. You’ll know a chest press is converging by inspecting the pivot factors of the machine’s motion arms. On converging machines, the motion arms are angled inwards whereas, on conventional or non-converging chest press machines, the motion arms are directed straight forward.
The converging chest press facilitates extra vary of movement towards peak contraction, or shortest muscle size of your pectoralis main. Whereas some discover the converging chest press machine feels extra “pure,” machine designs differ. Primary method tips apply to the converging machine. Set an acceptable seat peak and seatback place, keep retracted shoulder blades, and press alongside the trail of the motion arms.
Incline Chest Press Machine
Simply because the incline bench press might present higher higher chest coaching compared to the flat bench press, the incline chest press machine might bias your higher chest greater than the normal chest press machine. (22)(23)(24)
The first distinction between the incline chest press machine and conventional chest press machine is the motion arm path. On the incline machine, the motion arms journey at an upward angle relative to your torso, whereas the normal chest press machine’s motion arms journey roughly horizontal relative to your torso.
Though train method and setup is analogous between the 2 workouts, the preliminary place of the handles needs to be greater for the incline chest press machine than the normal chest press. Modify the seat peak so the handles are halfway between your mid-chest and collarbones. Push alongside the pure path of the motion arms along with your wrists straight. Decrease with management and transition into the following repetition with out bouncing out of the underside place.
Smith Machine Chest Press
On the lookout for a hybrid train between chest press machine and barbell bench press? Contemplate the Smith machine chest press. Like the usual chest press machine, the Smith machine chest press constrains the motion path and certain has some built-in security options, resembling adjustable vary of movement limiters.
The barbell bench press and Smith machine chest press are each carried out from a mendacity place, each use a pronated (overhand) grip on a straight bar, and neither incorporate the variable resistance patterns of lever- or cam-based chest press machines.
Counterbalanced Smith machines negate the burden of the bar, that means the unloaded bar feels nearly weightless. Clearly, you’ll want so as to add barely extra weight to counterbalanced Smith machines than non-counterbalanced.
Smith machines use a hook-like mechanism to securely un-rack and re-rack the barbell on its tracks. Develop into acquainted with the wrist-motion required to function this mechanism and, in anticipation of this motion, pre-position your wrists barely within the different route earlier than your set.
Lastly, place your self appropriately on the bench. In distinction to bench press, which is ready up with the bar above your neck, you have to to start out with the bar above your mid-chest on the Smith machine because it tracks vertically all through the train.
FAQs
Possibly, however the fixed exterior resistance of the barbell won’t be very forgiving in case you try to carry out repeated partial repetitions by the sticking level. You’ll probably want to cut back the burden to efficiently carry out lengthened partials with the normal bench press.
Utilizing a machine with a well-designed resistance curve avoids this challenge, because the machine applies much less exterior resistance by the everyday sticking level of the press. This permits for using lengthened partials on the finish of a excessive effort set (as demonstrated within the The best way to Progress part). The machine additionally has built-in security options to guard you within the occasion you are taking your lengthened partials previous the purpose of failure.
Espresso or pour-over? Single barrel whiskey or aged tequila? Trip to the seashore or to the mountains? These are questions that finally come down to non-public choice. Whereas every choice has its strengths and disadvantages, it is best to attempt each choices and use the one which feels finest.
Stack-loaded machines are fast and straightforward to make use of they usually’re nice for superior coaching methods, resembling drop units. They are often exquisitely engineered with clean and wise resistance curves. Nonetheless, robust lifters could also be restricted by the utmost resistance provided by the burden stack.
Plate-loaded machines might require hauling plates throughout the gymnasium and won’t enable the exact manipulation of the resistance curve provided by cable machines with variable resistance cams. Nonetheless, plate-loaded machines with high-quality bearings virtually at all times have a greater really feel than cable- or belt-driven stack-loaded machines as a result of they’ve much less friction or resistance to motion.
Friction resistance is not a superb factor in machines. It makes the concentric part more durable and makes the eccentric part simpler, a sample misaligned along with your muscle tissues’ capacities.
Iso-lateral chest machines enable separate operation of the motion arms, permitting you to coach your left and proper sides independently virtually like a “machine-version of dumbbells.”
When equally loaded, the iso-lateral design theoretically prevents a lifter’s “robust facet” from taking the lion’s share of the press. Iso-lateral machines additionally enable the lifter to load a special quantity of weight on the left and proper facet. This characteristic could also be helpful in particular circumstances associated to damage and rehabilitation.
A current, notably bothersome, pattern is using alternating repetitions on iso-lateral chest machines. The lifter locks out one arm whereas performing a repetition with the opposite arm and see-saws backwards and forwards all through the set.
Whereas this alternating technique could also be helpful if a lengthened isometric had been held within the backside place whereas the opposite arm performs a repetition, it’s a waste of time to relaxation one arm within the locked out place. Basically, iso-lateral machines are finest used utilizing the identical method as a machine chest press with a non-independent motion arm.
Chest Terminator — Rise of the Machine Press
A well-designed chest press machine might really feel prefer it has been despatched from the longer term to enhance your positive factors and defend you from hurt. In case you settle for the assistance of the machine and apply the programming suggestions above, it’s going to quickly be Judgement Day in your lagging chest.
References
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- Kompf, J., & Arandjelović, O. (2017). The sticking level within the bench press, the squat, and the deadlift: Similarities and variations, and their significance for analysis and observe. Sports activities Drugs, 47, 631-640.
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- Walker, S., Hulmi, J. J., Wernbom, M., Nyman, Ok., Kraemer, W. J., Ahtiainen, J. P., & Häkkinen, Ok. (2013). Variable resistance coaching promotes higher fatigue resistance however not hypertrophy versus fixed resistance coaching. European Journal of Utilized Physiology, 113, 2233-2244.
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